Extract from:
Knut J. Olawsky, AN INTRODUCTION TO DAGBANI PHONOLOGY. Arbeiten des SFB 282, No.76. HHU Düsseldorf, 1996.
Content
0. Preface 1. Introduction 2. Segmental phonology 2.1 Phoneme inventory 2.2 A remark on the orthography 2.3 Vowels 2.3.1 /I/ (used for /schwa/ here) 2.3.2 /i/ 2.3.3 /u/ 2.3.4 /e/, [E] (used for open /e/ here) 2.3.5 /o/, [O] (used for open /o/ here) 2.3.6 /a/ 2.4 Consonants 2.4.1 [h] 2.4.2 [r] 2.4.3 /s/ and [S] (used for palatalvoiceless fricative here) 2.4.4 /z/ and [Z] (used for palatal voiced frivative here) 2.4.5 /tC/, /dZ/, /ny/ (corresponding to palatal voiceless/voiced affricates and nasal) 2.4.6 /g/ and [G] (used for velar voiced frivative here) 2.4.7 /kp/, /gb/, /Nm/ 2.4.8 The assimilation of /n/ 2.4.9 /j/ and /w/ (used for labial glide here) 2.4.10 Final glottal stop 3. Aspects of suprasegmental phonology 3.1 Syllable structure 3.1.1 V 3.1.2 CV 3.1.3 CVC 3.1.4 N 3.1.5 CVN 3.1.6 CVV 3.1.7 CVVN 3.1.8 CC 3.1.9 C-C 3.1.10 V-V 3.1.11 CyV 3.2 Lexical tone 3.2.1 TBU 3.2.2 Basic tone patterns 3.2.2.1 Nouns and adjectives 3.2.2.2 Verbs 3.3 Challenges in describing Dagbani tonal patterns References Appendix